Product Overview
Liquid cyclopentane is categorized as a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon. Built around a five‑atom carbon ring framework, it carries the chemical formula C₅H₁₀. Supplied in drums, cyclopentane appears as a transparent liquid with high volatility, widely utilized both as an industrial solvent and high‑performance physical foaming agent. Boasting zero ozone‑depleting potential and a low GWP rating, drum‑packed cyclopentane stands out for its eco‑friendly characteristics. It has been widely adopted as a mainstream foaming raw material to produce rigid polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) insulating foams. Balancing reliable foaming capacity and superior thermal‑insulating output, this substance satisfies strict global environmental regulatory requirements. For construction sectors and home‑appliance manufacturing, drums cyclopentane acts as an indispensable feedstock to help end‑products reach high‑level energy‑saving standards.
Basic Information
| CAS No. | 287-92-3 |
| UN No. | UN1146 (Cyclopentane) |
| Molecular Formula | C₅H₁₀ |
| Hazard Classification | 3 (Flammable liquid), 2.1 (Flammable gas when aerosolized) |
Key Attributes & Parameters
| Purity | Technical grade for foaming typically >95%, with the balance primarily methylcyclopentane and n-pentane. High-purity grades (>99%) are available for specialized applications. |
| Physical State | Clear, colorless, highly volatile liquid with a mild, petroleum-like odor. |
| Boiling Point | 49.3 °C (120.7 °F) |
| Flash Point | -37 °C (-35 °F) (closed cup) – highly flammable. |
| Vapor Pressure | ~33 kPa at 20°C. |
| Density | ~0.75 g/mL at 20°C. |
| Key Environmental Properties | Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) = 0; Global Warming Potential (GWP) ≈ 11 (over 100 years). |
Features & Advantages
Environmentally Preferred Blowing Agent
With zero ODP and a very low GWP, liquid cyclopentane is the leading solution for complying with global regulations phasing out hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in foam insulation.
Excellent Insulating Performance
The gas evolved from liquid cyclopentane has a low thermal conductivity (lambda value), which contributes to the superior long-term insulating properties (low k-factor) of the resulting foam.
Cost-Effective & Efficient
It provides good frothing and flow characteristics within the polyurethane mix, enabling the production of foams with uniform, fine cell structures and high insulation value at a competitive cost.
Good Solvency
Effectively dissolves many resins and oils, making it useful as a solvent in specialized formulations.
Functional Characteristics
When manufacturing foam products, drum‑supplied cyclopentane serves as a physical foaming additive. It gets pre‑blended with polyol ingredients within PU or PIR formula systems. As the exothermic polymer‑forming reaction proceeds, released heat turns cyclopentane into vapor. The generated gas bubbles expand the reacting blend and solidify it into rigid cellular foam material. After curing, cyclopentane vapor stays locked inside the foam's closed‑cell structure and delivers reliable thermal‑insulating performance. Its volatility and boiling‑point parameters match the reaction temperature range of conventional foam manufacturing workflows very well. Given its high flammability risk, operators must deploy explosion‑proof dedicated machinery and follow rigorous safety operating procedures throughout storage, transfer and processing stages.
Primary Application Fields
Rigid Polyurethane / Polyisocyanurate Foam (Core Application)
Drums cyclopentane acts as a leading foaming material for thermal‑insulation panels across multiple sectors.
Construction: Building insulation for walls, roofing and floor assemblies.
Home Appliance: Insulation components for fridges, deep freezers and water heating equipment.
Transportation: Thermal protection for refrigerated lorries and shipping containers.
Chemical Intermediate & Solvent
Drum‑packed cyclopentane can function as raw material for synthesizing resins, pharmaceutical substances and agrochemical products. It also works as processing solvent for selected chemical reactions and compound formulas.
Laboratory & Research
It is adopted as non‑polar solvent and experimental reagent for organic synthesis work, such as various cycloaddition chemical reactions.
Customer Collaboration Case
One large‑scale European home‑appliance producer was confronted with tight regulatory timelines for phasing out HFC‑type foaming agents within refrigerator manufacturing lines, in order to comply with EU F‑gas directives. The enterprise required full transformation of its thermal‑insulation foam production workflow to adopt drums cyclopentane‑oriented formulations, while keeping two core indicators unchanged: top‑tier A+++ energy‑efficiency grade and original production throughput.
Rather than only delivering chemical goods, our team offered end‑to‑end technical support for this project. We supplied high‑purity cyclopentane with stable batch‑to‑batch consistency. Meanwhile, we supported the refitting of foaming units, covering explosion‑proof hardware installation and solvent‑recovery setup deployment, plus hands‑on operational training for on‑site factory staff. Our technical specialists fine‑tuned the mixing proportion between cyclopentane and polyol, together with key manufacturing process parameters.
The technical migration turned out fully successful. Foam expanded by drum‑packed cyclopentane delivered a 5% improvement in initial k‑factor (thermal conductivity value), alongside stable long‑run insulating capability. The client not only hit the statutory compliance deadline, but also lifted energy‑saving performance for its core product portfolio and gained stronger market competitiveness. This joint project demonstrates how cyclopentane acts as a vital material supporting eco‑friendly production for industries subject to strict environmental supervision.
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