Product Overview
Vinyl chloride CAS 75-01-4 is a colorless, flammable gas with a mild, sweet odor at room temperature. It is the fundamental building block for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), one of the most widely produced and versatile thermoplastic polymers globally. As a high-volume chemical intermediate, the production and handling of vinyl chloride are central to the plastics industry. Its primary value lies in its ability to undergo polymerization, transforming into the vast array of PVC resins that form the basis for countless industrial and consumer products. Strict safety and environmental controls govern the entire vinyl chloride supply chain due to its flammability and health hazards.
Basic Information
| CAS No. | 75-01-4 |
| UN No. | UN1086 (Vinyl chloride, stabilized) |
| Molecular Formula | C₂H₃Cl |
| Hazard Classification | 2.1 (Flammable gas), and a confirmed human carcinogen. |
Key Attributes & Parameters
| Purity | Polymerization-grade purity is typically > 99.9%, with strict limits on impurities like acetylene, aldehydes, and iron that can inhibit polymerization or affect product quality. |
| Physical State | Colorless, flammable gas; easily liquefied under moderate pressure for storage and transport. |
| Boiling Point | -13.4 °C (7.9 °F) |
| Flash Point | -78 °C (-108 °F) |
| Key Properties | Highly reactive due to the carbon-carbon double bond bonded to chlorine. It is slightly soluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents. |
Features & Advantages
Primary Monomer for PVC
The overwhelming majority of vinyl chloride produced worldwide is used to manufacture PVC, making it the cornerstone of a massive global industry.
High Reactivity
Its molecular structure makes it highly amenable to free-radical polymerization, allowing efficient conversion into high-molecular-weight polymers.
Versatile Polymer Base
Through polymerization and copolymerization, it creates PVC resins that can be formulated to exhibit a wide range of properties (flexible, rigid, clear, opaque).
Established, Large-Scale Production
Manufactured via well-established processes like the direct chlorination of ethylene or oxidative chlorination, enabling cost-effective, high-volume production.
Functional Characteristics
Vinyl chloride CAS 75-01-4 is almost exclusively used as a monomer. Its core function is to undergo addition polymerization. Under the influence of initiators (like peroxides) and under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure, the double bond in the vinyl chloride molecule opens up, and thousands of molecules link together to form long chains of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is stored and transported as a liquefied gas under pressure, always stabilized with inhibitors (e.g., phenols) to prevent premature, hazardous polymerization during transit and storage.
Primary Application Fields
Polymer Production (Over 99% of use)
The sole purpose for the vast majority of vinyl chloride is as the monomer for producing Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and its copolymers (e.g., with vinyl acetate).
PVC End-Products: The resulting PVC is used in
Construction: Pipes, fittings, siding, window profiles, flooring, and cables.
Healthcare: Medical tubing, blood bags, blister packaging.
Consumer Goods: Credit cards, synthetic leather, toys, and packaging films.
Automotive: Underbody coatings, wire insulation, interior panels.
Customer Collaboration Case
A major PVC resin producer faced recurring challenges with minor impurities in their incoming vinyl chloride feedstock, which caused variability in their polymerization reaction kinetics and occasional off-spec resin batches, impacting final product quality. We partnered with them on a comprehensive quality assurance and logistics program. We implemented enhanced purification steps at our production facility and installed real-time analytical monitoring for key impurities (acetylene, 1,2-dichloroethane) in the vinyl chloride delivered via pipeline. We also provided stabilized inhibitor packages tailored to their specific storage conditions. This collaboration resulted in a significant reduction in feedstock variability. The consistent high-purity vinyl chloride feedstock led to more stable and predictable polymerization runs for the customer, improving their overall resin quality consistency, reducing production downtime by an estimated 7%, and enhancing the performance characteristics of their final PVC products for downstream manufacturers.
FAQ
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